/2023 INSC 0757/ 1 NON -REPORTABLE IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA CRIMINAL APPELLATE JURISDICTION CRIMINAL APPEAL NO(S) 2510 -2552 OF 2023 (Arising out of S.L.P. (Crl.) No (s).7483 -7525 of 2022) RIYA BAWRI ETC. … Appellant(s) VERSUS MARK ALEXANDER DAVIDSON & ORS. … Respondent(s) J U D G M E N T Rajesh Bindal, J. 1. Leave granted. 2. A common order 1 passed by the High Court of Meghalaya at Shillong in a bunch of Criminal Petition s2 is under challenge in the present appeal s. Vide aforesaid order, the High Court allowed the Petition s filed by the respondents herein and quashed the Criminal 1 Order Dated 14.03.2022 . 2 Criminal Petition No (s) . 35 -56 of 2021 & No (s) . 74 -94 of 2021. 2023INSC757 2 Complaint s filed by the appellant s herein under Section 138 read with Sections 141 and 142 of th e NI Act 3 along with Sections 420, 418, 417, 403, 409 and 406 of the IPC 4 filed before the Court of Additional Deputy Commissioner (Judicial), Shillong. 3. Briefly , the facts of the case available on record are that on 11.07.2015 , respondent no.3 5 approached the appellant no.1 6 to rent out her property situated at 13 th Mile, G.S. Road. Tamulikuchiga on, Byrnihat, Ri Bhoi District , Meghalaya. According to the agreement, the property was rented for a consideration of ₹1,4 5,152/ - (Rup ees One Lakh Forty -Five Thousand One Hundred Fifty Two) per month including taxes. The rent was to be paid every month at Shillong. A Cheque bearing no. 001422 drawn on HDFC Bank , Kalapahar, Guwahati Branch was issued on 20.08.2019 , by the respondent no. 3 to the appellant no. 1, for an amount of ₹1,4 5,152/. The cheque was issued to discharge the liability for the payment of rent . Between April 2019 and October 2019, the respondent no.3 had issued multiple cheque s7 3 Negotiable Instrument s Act, 1881 (hereinafter as ‘NI Act’). 4 Indian Penal Code, 1860 (hereinafter as ‘IPC’). 5 Respondent No.3 in the present appeal is Twelve Basket s, a registered firm. 6 Appellant No.1 in the present appeal is Riya Bawri, also the Complainant before the Additional Deputy Commissioner (Judicial), Shillong. 7 Refer to Table mentioned in Para 1 2 of this judgment. 3 (Total 22 cheques) to the appellants herein for discharging the liability for the payment of ren t for different months . All the cheque s were dishonoured by the bank with a return memo stating the reason therein as ‘ Funds Insufficient.’ Subsequently, the appellant no.1, issued a written notice dated 09.12.2019 to the respondent no.3 under Section 138 of the NI Act, calling upon the respondent no . 3 to pay the amount of the cheque s to the appellant herein. 4. After expiry of the period of 15 days, the appellant no.1 filed Criminal Complaint s8 against the respondent s no. 1 to 4 under Section 138 read with Sections 141 and 142 of the NI Act 3 along with Sections 420, 418, 417, 403, 409 and 406 of the IPC 4. Following t hat, other appellants, including appellant s no. 2 9, 3 10 and 4 11 filed similar Criminal Complaints 12 (Total 22 Complaint s) against the respondents. The learned Judicial Magistrate of the First Class, after perusing the statement of the complainant , took cognizance of the case s and issued summons to the respondents herein. 8 Criminal Complaint s No. 55/2019, 58/2019, 78/2019, 35 /2020 , 6 7/2020 . 9 Appellant No.2 in the present appeal is Rahat Bawri. 10 Appellant No.3 in the present appeal is Payal Bansal. 11 Appellant No.4 in the present appeal is Rahat Bawri (HUF). 12 Criminal Complaint s No. 53 -54/2019 , 56/2019, 59-61 /2019 , 66 /2019, 73/2019, 75 -77 /2019 , 36 - 37/2020, 68 -71/2020 . 4 5. Aggrieved by initiation of proceedings in the criminal complaint s, the respondent no.1 13 and the respondent no.2 14 , filed petitions under Section 482 of the CrPC 15 before the High Court seeking quashing of the summoning order and the criminal complaint s filed against them. The High Court, after hearing both the parties, quashed the criminal complaints and set aside the summoning order in relation to the respondent s no.1 and 2. The High Court held that the complainant/appellant no.1 had failed to produce sufficient evidence to hold them liable for prosecution. 6. The respondent no. 3 16 and respondent no.4 17 didn’t file any quashing petition seeking quashing of the criminal complaints. 7. The aforesaid order of the High Court is under challenge in the present appeals. 8. This C ourt while taking up the Special Leave Petitions on 23.08.2022 , did not entertain the same qua the respondent no.2 i.e., Sarita Harish Kanchan and dismissed the same. As a result, thereof , the order passed by the High Court qua the respondent no.2 quashing the 13 Respondent No.1 in the present appeal is Mark Alexander Davidson. 14 Respondent No.2 in the present appeal is Sarita Harish Kanchan. 15 Code of Criminal Procedure, 197 3 (hereinafter as ‘C ode ’). 16 Respondent No . 3 is the firm, wherein Respondent No.4 is one of the Partner. 17 Respondent No.4 in the present appeal is Sachhidanand Kanchan. 5 proceedings against her stands upheld. Notice was issued only to the respondent no.1, 3 and 4 . 9. The learned counsel for the appellants argued that the respondent no.1 had asserted before the High Court that during the period when cheques in question were issued , he had already resigned from the partnership firm, for which a notice was duly issued. However, the appellants ’ argument is that a public notice announcing the retirement of the respondent no.1 as a partner was released for the first time on 09.02. 2022, subsequent to the trial Court summoning the respondents. Till that point, there is no evidence on record to indicate that the respondent no.1 was not a partner of the firm. The Ret irement Deed dated 01.04.2018 placed on record by the respondent no.1 to support his case is a self -serving document which ought to be proved during the course of evidence and cannot be accepted as conclusive in quashing proceedings. Further, learned couns el for the appellant argued that there exist allegation s concerning the respondent no. 1, indicating his role as partner, being in -charge of and responsible for the affairs of the firm . Hence, the order passed by the High Court quashing the complaints filed against the respondent no.1 , deserves to be set aside. 6 10. On the other hand, learned counsel for the respondent no.1 submitted that though , initially his client was a partner in the firm , however, at the time when the cheque s were issued by the respondent no.3, he had already resigned from the partnership firm vide Retirement Deed dated 01.04.2018 , thus , making him face the trial , would amount to misuse of the process of law. Consequently, after his retirement from the firm, the respondent no.1 had nothing to do with the affairs of the firm . Hence, the respondent no.1, not being the partner of the firm on the date the issuance of the cheques, cannot be held liable. The Retirement Deed was pr epared and was executed on 01.04.2018. Thereafter, a public notice dated 09.02.2022 was also issued informing the public in general about his retirement from the firm . The Retirement Deed execut ed on 01.04.2018 between the partners was itself sufficient , of which the High Court ha d taken cognizance and quashed the proceedings against the respondent no.1 , saving him from the misuse of the process of law. No special evidence was required to be lead in that regard . 11. We have heard the learned counsel for the parties and perused the relevant referred record s. 7 12. It is a case in which the premises owned by Riya Bawri, Rahat Bawri and Payal Bansal , was taken on rent by the respondents for a consideration of ₹1, 45,152/ - per month (including taxes) . To discharge their liability for payment of the rent, various cheques were issued in favour of the appellants, the details w hereof are as under: Sr. No. Cheque No. Date Amount In favour of 1. 001412 10.05.2019 ₹ 1,54,037/ - Rahat Bawri 2. 001428 25.05.2019 ₹ 94,500/ - Rahat Bawri (HUF) 3. 001416 20.06.2019 ₹ 1,54,037/ - Riya Bawri 4. 001411 30.04.2019 ₹ 1,54,037/ - Payal Bansal 5. 001413 20.05.2019 ₹ 1,54,037/ - Riya Bawri 6. 001429 25.06.2019 ₹ 94,500/ - Rahat Bawri (HUF) 7. 001415 10.06.2019 ₹ 1,54,037/ - Rahat Bawri 8. 001414 30.05.2019 ₹ 1,54,037/ - Payal Bansal 9. 001417 30.06.2019 ₹ 1,54,037/ - Payal Bansal 10. 001418 10.07.2019 ₹ 1,45,152/ - Rahat Bawri 11. 001421 10.08.2019 ₹ 1,45,152/ - Rahat Bawri 12. 001430 25.07.2019 ₹ 94,500/ - Rahat Bawri (HUF) 13. 001420 30.07. 2019 ₹ 1,38,802/ - Payal Bansal 14. 001419 20.07.2019 ₹ 1,45,152/ - Riya Bawri 15. 001422 20.08.2019 ₹ 1,45,152/ - Riya Bawri 16. 001424 10.09.2019 ₹ 1,45,152/ - Rahat Bawri 17. 001423 30.08.2019 ₹ 1,38,802/ - Payal Bansal 18. 001425 20.09.2019 ₹ 1,45,152/ - Riya Bawri 19. 001426 30.09.2019 ₹ 83,765/ - Payal Bansal 20. 001433 25.10.2019 ₹ 94,500/ - Rahat Bawri (HUF) 21. 001434 15.10.2019 ₹ 2,29,317/ - Rahat Bawri (HUF) 8 22. 001432 25.09.2019 ₹ 94,500/ - Rahat Bawri (HUF) 13. On presentation for collection to the Bank, the aforesaid cheques were returned by the Bank, with the remarks ‘Funds Insufficient’. Immediately, thereafter the appellants issued a notice dated 09.12.2019 under Section 138 of the NI Act, to which no reply was given. As the cheques ha d been issued to discharge the liability for payment of the rent and the same were dishonoured, complaints were filed before the Additional Deputy Commissioner (Judicial) at Shillong under Sections 138, 141 & 142 of the NI Act and under Sections 420, 418, 417, 403, 409 and 406 of IPC. 14. After considering the preliminary evidence led by the complaints, the tria l Court summoned the accused/respondents. 18 It was at this stage that the respondent s no.1 and.2 filed petitions before the High Court praying for quashing of the summoning order and the complaints filed against them. The High Court vide common impugned order quashed the complaint s and the summon ing order against the respondents no.1 and 2. 18 Mark Alexander Davidson and Sarita Harish Kanchan (proceedings against both of them w ere dropped by the High Court) along with Twelve Baskets and Sachhidanand Kanchan. 9 15. The only issue which is required to be considered in the present appeals is as to whether the order passed by the High Court quashing t he summoning order and the proceedings against the respondent no.1 was justified. 16. The plea raised by the respondent no.1 for seeking quashing of the proceedings before the High Court was that on the dates 19 when the cheques were issued for discharg ing the liability for payment of rent for the premises taken by the respondent no.3 , he had already retired from the firm and a Retirement D eed in that regard was executed on 01.04.2018. 17. It is not in d ispute that the premises owned by the appellants was taken on rent by the respondent no.3 firm . Though Partnership Deed has not been placed on record before this Court, however, from para 42 of the impugned order of the High Court it is evident that the pa rtnership firm consisted of three partners , namely, Mark Alexander Davidson and Sachhidanand Kanchan and the third one was not impleaded in any complaint s as accused . To discharge the liability towards the payment of rent , various cheques 7 were issued to 19Refer to Table mentioned in Para 1 2 of this judgment. 10 the appellants. The cheques, when presented to the Bank, were dishonoured on account of insufficiency of funds . 18 The specific allegations made against the accused in the complaint , including the respondent no.1 , were that they were in - ch arge of and were responsible for the affairs of the respondent no. 3 firm , for conduct of the business affairs of the firm. Thus, they were liable to be proceeded against and punished. The offence has been committed with the consent and connivance of the accused nos. 2 to 4 , which included the respondent no.1. 19. The High Court ha d accepted the argument raised by the respondent no.1 and qu ashed the summoning order as well as the complaints against him, accepting the plea that he had retired from the partnership firm for which a Retirement Deed was already executed on 01.04.2018. In our opinion, the plea taken by the respondent no.1 seek ing quashing of the summoning order and the complaints filed against him was not tenable, for the reason that , it would be a matter of evidence to be prove d before the trial Court , as to whether any Retirement D eed was issued and a public notice concerning the same was issued , before the complaints were filed. The fact remains tha t, a public notice regarding retirement by the respondent no.1 from the 11 firm was issued on 09.02.2022 i.e., much after the complaints had been filed and the summoning order had been issue d by the trial Court on 05.02.2020 . Even the quashing petitions were filed by the respondent no.1 in October 2021. The public notice was issued few days before the High Court decided the quashing petition on 14.03. 2022. It is not the case set up by the respondent no.1 that in the Partnership D eed it is mentioned that he was a sleeping partner in the firm. Under such circumstances, the Retirement Deed dated 01.04.2018 sought to be produced by the respondent n o.1 for quashing of the summoning order and the complaints could not be taken on its face value , and treated as clinching evidence to quash the complaints. I t would be a matter of evidence to be led before the trial Court. 20. It is well settled that the final judgment of the trial Court will depend on the evidence adduced before it. As there are specific allegations against the respondent no.1 in the complaint and he was admittedly a partner in the partnership firm when the rent deed wa s executed, he is liable to face prosecution. Power s under Section 482 of the Code can be exercised by the High C ourt in case when it comes across unimpeachable and incontrovertible evidence to indicate that 12 the partner of the firm did not have any concer n with the issuance of cheques. The case in hand is not of that kind. 21. For the reasons mentioned above, we find merit in the present appeals. The impugned order passed by the High Court quashing the summoning order and the complaints against the resp ondent no.1 are set aside. The complaints filed by the appellants against the respondent no.1 are revived to be tried by the C ourt concerned. The appeals are accordingly allowed. …..……………..J (HIMA KOHLI) …………………..J (RAJESH BINDAL) New Delhi August 23 , 2023